After receiving a terse email announcing his termination, Dellinger has petitioned the court, claiming his removal can only occur under specific circumstances such as malfeasance or inefficiency. A federal judge has temporarily reinstated him pending further review. This legal entanglement comes as Trump has previously dismissed over a dozen inspectors general and thousands of federal employees in his broader effort to streamline the government workforce.

The Justice Department's appeal to the Supreme Court seeks to overturn lower court rulings that have favored Dellinger, framing the matter as a crucial aspect of executive power. With both immigration and health agency staffing initiatives also under fire, this landmark case could define the extent of presidential control over federal agencies in the long run. As Trump continues this significant reshaping of the governmental landscape, the nation's highest court will soon determine the limits of executive authority in this contentious trial.