Hurricane Melissa was one of the strongest hurricanes to ever hit the Caribbean. Climate change has emerged as a critical factor in understanding the escalating fury of hurricanes, with a recent study revealing that the atmospheric and ocean conditions that fueled Melissa were made six times more likely due to climate change.

Making landfall in Jamaica on October 29 as a powerful Category 5 hurricane, Melissa intensified from a tropical storm to a major hurricane in just 24 hours, driven by warmer-than-average sea temperatures. The storm later struck eastern Cuba, significantly impacting both countries.

Forecasters had noted favorable conditions for rapid intensification days prior, as the Caribbean Sea's temperatures were approximately 1.5°C above average. Melissa's development was sustained by a deep reservoir of warm water.

The World Weather Attribution study concluded that climate change not only amplified rainfall associated with Melissa by 16% but also increased maximum wind speeds by 7%. Fellow researchers range from climatologists to atmospheric scientists, indicating that the impact of rising temperatures on hurricane behavior is a multi-faceted issue.

As seen during Melissa's catastrophic landfall in Jamaica, the consequences of climate change are increasingly visible. While enhanced warning systems helped safely evacuate over 700,000 individuals in Cuba, Jamaica still faced substantial hardship. Destruction of homes, infrastructure, and agricultural land will leave long-lasting scars on the nation and region.

With the upcoming COP30 climate conference on the horizon, pressing issues regarding climate finance and actions to mitigate global warming are at the forefront. Experts warn of an urgent need to transition away from fossil fuels to safeguard vulnerable nations from the devastating impacts of climate change.