Syrian Minorities Navigate New Reality Amidst Regime Change

In the wake of Bashar al-Assad's ousting, Syria's diverse minority communities express concerns over potential reprisals and the influence of groups like Hayat Tahrir al-Sham. While some find hope in a new era free from dictatorship, others remember the harsh realities of sectarian divides.

Driving through the heart of Mezzeh 86 in west Damascus, a predominant Alawite neighborhood, one cannot ignore the palpable fear gripping its residents. Past the checkpoint manned by Hayat Tahrir al-Sham (HTS) fighters, many Alawite citizens express unease—albeit a mixed sense of relief—after Bashar al-Assad's 24-year reign was dismantled. For decades, Alawites held power in a predominantly Sunni country, which raises questions about their safety as HTS asserts control.

The Alawite community is divided between their history of loyalty to the Assad regime and a present filled with trepidation. Despite the fear of reprisals from those wronged by the regime—particularly military members implicated in atrocities—many Alawites regard their newfound situation with cautious optimism. "Those who did wrong have fled. For now, we are okay with HTS," says Thaier Shaheen, a construction worker, asserting that the spoken interactions with HTS have thus far been respectful.

However, across the sectarian landscape, other minority groups like Christians and Druze are grappling with their fate as well. Christians, once fearful of losing their heritage, express cautious optimism. An opinion shared by Youssef Sabbagh, a Christian lawyer, highlights a collective desire for a balanced society. "No one wants to live under dictatorship… but there remains concern about the future," he asserts, emphasizing the broader fear of becoming a failed state, reminiscent of Afghanistan or Libya.

In the Druze community of Suweida, the call for dignity and autonomy echoed through protests that persisted post-Assad. Activist Wajiha al-Hajjar articulates the desire for continued rights and safeguards against a potentially extreme regime. "We are prepared to demand our rights, showcasing unity in our struggle," she affirms, signifying the resolve to carve out a path reflective of Syria's complex diversity.

As the uncertain terrain unfolds, communities must navigate the quagmire of shifting power dynamics, seeking security amidst fears rooted in a history of civil strife. The evolving scenario holds no easy answers, yet it encapsulates the resilience and aspirations of Syria's multi-religious fabric striving for recognition in a new political dawn.