Denmark's Surprising Shift: Left-Wing Politics and Restrictive Immigration Policies

As migration concerns rise across Europe, Denmark has adopted some of the continent's most stringent immigration policies led by the Social Democrats. This shift reflects a broader trend where political divides around immigration are blurring, raising questions about the balance between social welfare and reduced migration, while Spain explores a more welcoming stance.

 

In Denmark, images of vibrant Copenhagen and a sense of an open, modern society often come to mind. However, the reality of its immigration policies starkly contrasts this idealistic view. Once regarded as a bastion of liberalism, Denmark is now regarded as a leader in restrictive migration practices in Europe. Marie Sandberg, Director of the Centre for Advanced Migration Studies at the University of Copenhagen, notes that the country has redefined its approach to both asylum-seekers and economic migrants.

Interestingly, the political figures responsible for this turn are not far-right extremists, as one might expect, but members from the center-left, particularly the Social Democrats led by Mette Frederiksen. This challenges the prevailing notion that anti-immigrant sentiment is the sole domain of right-wing factions.

The changing narrative around migration is not a coincidence. As Europe suffers from a confluence of crises — including war in Ukraine and economic instability — migration has surged to the forefront of public concern. In Denmark, the influx of immigrants post-WWII has accelerated, particularly following the 2015 European migrant crisis, setting the stage for a significant shift in public sentiment toward a more cautious immigration stance.

The issue gained significant traction in Denmark as the government galvanized support using nationalist messaging, with slogans like "Danes First" gaining popularity among the electorate. This hardline sentiment led to controversial policies, including the confiscation of personal valuables from asylum seekers to cover their living costs. The political landscape has continued to evolve, with Denmark's government facing criticism for creating, in some instances, a deliberately hostile environment for migrants.

Pioneering policies now include plans to process asylum applications outside of Europe and restrictions on family reunification for refugees, reflecting a profound shift in Denmark’s approach to migration. Internationally, Denmark’s stringent measures have garnered significant attention, influencing conversations surrounding asylum and immigration policies across Europe.

In contrast, Spain’s center-left government is taking a more inclusive route under Prime Minister Pedro Sánchez. With the fastest-growing economy in Europe, Sánchez is vying to regularize nearly a million undocumented workers, betting that this integrated workforce will stimulate further economic growth and address labor shortages.

While the situation unfolds, public opinion remains mixed in Spain regarding migration, with significant numbers expressing concerns about the current state of immigration levels. Yet, Spain is seeking to balance labor market integration with the welfare of its citizens.

As political labels around immigration evolve, both Denmark and Spain illustrate the breadth of strategies countries can adopt — from strict limitations to a more accepting framework. The experiences of these nations underscore the diverse and often contradictory nature of European migration policies, reflecting a broader societal challenge in balancing public sentiment, economic necessity, and humanitarian obligations.

The complexities surrounding immigration remain a contentious topic across the continent, with various countries navigating the thin line between protecting national interests and honoring international human rights. The examples of Denmark and Spain suggest that while approaches may differ greatly, the underlying concerns of citizens regarding migration will continue to shape the political narrative moving forward.