US President Donald Trump's second term is being shaped by his foreign policy ambitions.

He's followed through on threats against Venezuela by capturing its president and his wife from their heavily fortified Caracas compound in a dramatic overnight raid.

When describing the operation, Trump dusted off the 1823 Monroe Doctrine and its promise of US supremacy in the western hemisphere - re-branding it the Donroe Doctrine.

Here are some of the warnings he's made against other nations in Washington's orbit in recent days.

Greenland

The US already has a military base on Greenland - Pituffik Space Base - but Trump wants the whole island.

We need Greenland from the standpoint of national security, he told journalists, saying the region was covered with Russian and Chinese ships all over the place.

The vast Arctic island, part of the Kingdom of Denmark, sits roughly 2,000 miles (3,200 km) to the north-east of the US.

It's rich in rare earth minerals, crucial for the production of smart phones, electric vehicles and military hardware.

Greenland's Prime Minister Jens Frederik Nielsen responded to Trump by describing the notion of US control over the island as a fantasy.

Any US attempt to seize Greenland would bring it into conflict with another NATO member, likely putting the alliance in peril.

Colombia

Just hours after the operation in Venezuela, Trump warned Colombian President Gustavo Petro to watch his ass.

Venezuela's neighbour to the west, Colombia is home to substantial resources and is a key hub for the region's drug trade.

Since the US began striking boats in the Caribbean, Trump has been locked in a spiralling dispute with the country's left-wing president.

Speaking aboard Air Force One, Trump said Colombia was being run by a sick man who likes making cocaine and selling it to the United States.

Iran

Trump warned Iran would be hit very hard if authorities continued to kill protesters.

Iran theoretically falls outside the scope defined in the Donroe Doctrine, but Trump has nonetheless threatened action against the Iranian regime.

Mexico

Trump's rise to power was defined by his calls to Build the Wall along the Mexican border.

He has frequently claimed Mexican authorities aren't doing enough to stop the flow of drugs or illegal immigrants into the US.

Cuba

With Maduro gone, Cuba could be exposed if oil supply collapses.

Trump suggested that US military intervention wasn't needed, stating that Cuba is ready to fall.

This aggressive stance poses significant implications for regional security and international relations.